By Air: The Tiruchirappalli Airport, also known as ‘Trichy Airport’ and located at Chembattu about 59 kilometers from Tanjore along the Coimbatore Nagapattinam Highway No 83 is the nearest airfield that provides Tanjore an air connectivity to a number of domestic as well as international destinations. Regular flights from the Tiruchirappalli Airport ply to Chennai, Bangalore, Mumbai, Sri Lanka, Kuala Lumpur, Sharjah, Singapore, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and so on. The major airlines operational at the Trichy Airport include Air India Express, Indian Airlines, Air Asia, Air Ceylon, Tiger Airways, Sri Lankan Airlines, Air Lanka, Jet Airways, SpiceJet, etc. To reach Tanjore from Tiruchirappalli and vice versa, tourists can either avail the state transport buses or hire a cab that would cost around 1000 INR. Other airports accessible from Tanjore are Madurai Airport (200 km away) and Chennai International Airport (300 km away).

By Rail: Thanjavur Junction to be found right in the heart of the city is one of the major railway junctions of Southern Railways from where some of the most important cities and towns of the country can be accessed via the rail route. Daily trains from Chennai, Mysore, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Ernakulam, Thrissur, Erode, Palakkad, Tiruchirapalli, Tirupur, Karur, Salem, Tirunelveli, Tiruchendur, Madurai, Dharmapuri and Rameswaram halt at Thanjavur whereas weekly trains regularly ply to Thanjavur from Tirupati, Vijayawada, Vishakapatnam, Goa, Nagpur, Jabalpur, Allahabad, Bhubaneshwar, Varanasi, and many other cities of India. Trichy Junction, located about 59 kilometers away from Thanjavur is the next major Railway head from where trains plying on the Trivandrum – Chennai route via Madurai can be boarded.

By Road: Thanjavur or Tanjore is very well connected with all the major destinations of Tamil Nadu and other neighboring states through an extensive and well laid road network. The National Highways No. 45C, 67, 226 & 226 Extn, State Highways No. 28 & 63 and the Coimbatore Nagapattinam Highway pass through the city. Tanjore can be easily reached by road from several important cities and towns including Chennai, Coimbatore, Tiruchirappalli, Erode, Dindigul, Tirupur, Kumbakonam, Vellore, Pudukkottai, Pattukkottai, Tirunelveli, Madurai, Bangalore, Tirupathi, Thiruvananthapuram, Nagercoil, Ernakulam, Ooty, Pondicherry, Vallam, Pillaiyarpatti, Sengipatti, Budalur, Vadakkur, Kuruvadipatti, etc. through regular bus services operated by a well-maintained sub-urban public transport system of Thanjavur.
Earlier Tanjore had only one single bus terminus sited right in the heart of the city but presently a latest integrated bus terminus has been established close to the periphery of the city with the purpose of handling the passenger traffic. Both government and private buses regularly ply from Tanjore to various near and faraway destinations. Overnight buses (ordinary, luxury, deluxe, AC) are available from Bangalore and Chennai to Tanjore and they charge varied rates ranging from 200 to 800 according to the quality of the service. Tanjore is located about 39 km from Mannarguddi, 40 km from Kumbakonam, 51 km from Pattukottai, 59 km from Tiruchirappalli, 70 km from Pudukkottai, 181 km from Pondicherry, 189 km from Madurai, 266 km from Coimbatore, 314 km from Chennai, 330 km from Ooty, 347 km from Tirunelveli, 393 km from Bangalore, 394 km from Tirupathi, 436 km from Ernakulam and 497 km from Thiruvananthapuram.