By Air: Shillong Airport, also known as the Umroi Airport is a military cum public airport that connects this city of mystic mountains with Jorhat, Kolkata and Guwahati by air. Air India Regional operates passenger plane to Jorhat and Kolkata while Pawan Hans operates a charter plane to Guwahati from the Shillong Airport. This airfield located at Umroi approximately 30 kilometers to the northeast of downtown Shillong is easily accessible via NH 40 and MDR 28 by bus or cabs. Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport, also known as the Guwahati International Airport sited at ‘Borjhar’ about 118 kilometers from Shillong is the nearest major airport from where efficient air connectivity can be availed to Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Jaipur, Goa, Imphal, Agartala, Aizawl, Dimapur, Tezpur, Bagdogra, Naharlagun, Tawang, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Paro, and several other domestic and international destinations. The chief airlines catering their services at the Shillong Airport include Air India, IndiGo, GoAir, Jet Airways, JetKonnect, SpiceJet, Kingfisher Airlines, Druk Air, Pawan Hans, etc.

By Rail: Due to its mountainous terrain the state of Meghalaya is not bequeathed with rail connectivity. However, the Guwahati Junction situated in the Paltan Bazaar area right in the center of the city and operating under the Northeast Frontier Railway Zone is the nearest railhead from Shillong. The Guwahati Junction is positioned at the distance of about 93 kilometers from Shillong. The major trains plying from the Guwahati Junction are; Guwahati Rajdhani Exp, Poorvottar Sampark Kranti Exp, North-East Exp, Guwahati Bangalore Exp, Guwahati Ernakulam Exp, Kamarupa Exp, Guwahati-Jorhat Jan Shatabdi Exp, Brahmaputra Mail, etc. Guwahati is connected to Delhi, Kolkata, Dibrugarh, Howrah, Puri, Darbhanga, Amritsar, Chandigarh, Jammu, Bikaner, Okha, Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Ernakulam, Trivandrum, etc. cities via rail route.

By Road: An extensive network of state and national highways connects Shillong to all the important towns and cities of northeastern states. Two National Highways those pass through Shillong are; National Highway 40 and National Highway 44. NH 40 links Shillong to Guwahati to its north and to Pongtung to its south whereas NH 44 & 44 A annex Shillong to Narpuh Reserved Forest, Aizawl, Manu and Agartala to its south and southeast. State transport (Meghalaya Transport Corporation) and private buses as well as sumo taxis and rented cabs are operated from Shillong to various destinations of Meghalaya and the neighboring states such as Guwahati, Agartala, Dimapur, Imphal, Itanagar, Kohima, etc. and many other northeastern towns and cities. The government bus stand of Shillong is situated right in the heart of the Shillong City. Shillong is located 100 km from Guwahati, 331 km from Dimapur, 373 km from Kohima, 403 km from Agartala, 408 km from Itanagar, 539 km from Imphal, etc. Shillong is stationed just 100 kilometers away from the border of Bangladesh and Sylhet is located 217 km away while Dhaka is located 481 km away from Shillong.